Disney's live-action "Moana" opened to a muted $18 million on Friday, landing atop the domestic box office but falling short of studio expectations. The remake, playing across 3,875 North American theaters, projects to earn roughly $45 million for the three-day weekend. That figure trails the original animated "Moana," which claimed $56 million during its 2016 debut.

The underwhelming start marks a notable stumble for Disney's aggressive live-action adaptation strategy. The studio has invested heavily in remaking its animated classics, following successes like Jon Favreau's "The Lion King" and the live-action "Beauty and the Beast." Yet the live-action "Moana" suggests the formula faces fatigue.

Director Ron Clements and screenwriter Jared Bush retained their roles from the original, with Dwayne Johnson reprising his voice role as Maui and newcomer Auli'i Cravalho stepping into the title role physically. The production carried substantial costs, typical of live-action spectacles featuring extensive water-based sequences and digital effects.

The timing proved challenging. "Moana 2," the animated sequel released last November, remains fresh in audiences' minds, having grossed over $1 billion globally and becoming one of the year's biggest films. The live-action version arrives only months later, potentially cannibalizing the franchise's momentum rather than extending it.

Competing franchises and established properties dominated the marketplace. The competitive landscape included holdovers from previous weeks and other major studio releases fighting for audience attention during the holiday corridor.

The opening signals that live-action Disney remakes require stronger cultural moments or creative distinctions to justify their budgets and justify audience attendance. The original "Moana" succeeded partly because it introduced something new to Disney's animated canon. The live-action iteration offers familiar material wrapped in different technical execution, a formula that increasingly struggles to captivate modern audiences.